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Jaime Alfonso Escalante Gutierrez (December 31, 1930 – March 30, 2010) was a Bolivian educator known for teaching students calculus from 1974 to 1991 at Garfield High School, East Los Angeles, California. Escalante was the subject of the 1988 film ''Stand and Deliver'', in which he is portrayed by Edward James Olmos. In 1993, the asteroid 5095 Escalante was named after him.〔(Michigan State University Newsroom – MSU spring commencement speakers reflect dedication to education )〕 ==Career== Escalante was born to two teachers of Aymara ancestry 〔Anne E. Schraff , ''Jaime Escalante: Inspirational Math Teacher'' (ISBN 978-0766029675), p. 12-13〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jaime Escalante Bio )〕 on December 31, 1930 in La Paz, Bolivia. He was proud of his Aymara heritage and as an adult would proudly proclaim "The Aymara knew math before the Greeks and Egyptians".〔Anne E. Schraff , ''Jaime Escalante: Inspirational Math Teacher'' (ISBN 978-0766029675), p. 12〕 He taught mathematics and physics for 12 years in his mother country before immigrating to the USA.〔 After immigrating, "he had to work many odd jobs, teach himself English and earn another college degree before he could return to the classroom."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jaime Escalante biography )〕 In 1974, he began teaching at Garfield High School. Escalante eventually changed his mind about returning to work when he found 12 students willing to take an algebra class.〔Mathews〕 Shortly after Escalante came to Garfield High, its accreditation became threatened. Instead of gearing classes to poorly performing students, Escalante offered AP Calculus. He had already earned the criticism of an administrator who disapproved of his requiring the students to answer a homework question before being allowed into the classroom. "He told me to just get them inside," Escalante reported, "but I said, there is no teaching, no learning going on". Determined to change the status quo, Escalante had to persuade the first few students who would listen to him that they could control their futures with the right education. He promised them that the jobs would be in engineering, electronics and computers but they would have to learn math to succeed. He said to his students "I'll teach you math and that's your language. With that you're going to make it. You're going to college and sit in the first row, not the back, because you're going to know more than anybody". The school administration opposed Escalante frequently during his first few years. He was threatened with dismissal by an assistant principal because he was coming in too early, leaving too late, and failing to get administrative permission to raise funds to pay for his students' Advanced Placement tests. This opposition changed with arrival of a new principal, Henry Gradillas. Aside from allowing Escalante to stay as a math teacher, Gradillas overhauled the academic curriculum at Garfield, reducing the number of basic math classes and requiring those taking basic math to concurrently take algebra. He denied extracurricular activities to students who failed to maintain a C average and new students who failed basic skills tests. One of Escalante's students remarked about him, "If he wants to teach us that bad, we can learn." Escalante continued to teach at Garfield, but it was not until 1978 that Escalante would instruct his first calculus class. He hoped that it could provide the leverage to improve lower-level math courses. To this end, Escalante recruited fellow teacher Ben Jiménez and taught calculus to five students, two of whom passed the AP calculus test. The following year, the class size increased to nine students, seven of whom passed the AP calculus test. By 1981, the class had increased to 15 students, 14 of whom passed. Escalante placed a high priority on pressuring his students to pass their math classes, particularly calculus. He rejected the common practice of ranking students from first to last and instead frequently told his students to press themselves as hard as possible in their assignments.〔Mathews〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jaime Escalante」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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